Saturday, August 10, 2013

Mutual Funds: Fundamentally superb but Fundamentals misunderstood

Mutual Funds are fundamentally a superb product but unfortunately the fundamentals of this product have not been understood or I should say misunderstood by a majority of investors.
Time and again AMFI, SEBI, AMC’s have been coming out with investor awareness and education campaigns for promoting investment culture in Mutual Funds.  Huge budgets are allocated to the campaigns and every campaign reads out loud about benefits of Investing in Mutual Funds.  
SEBI off late has been hard on AMC’s and has come out with regulations giving huge benefits to investors.
Even if we look at Fund performances at large with respect to horizons the respective fund categories have performed up to the mark (barring certain bad patches) and made money for investors.
The benefits are many if I have to list them down one by one.
Still the retail inflows into MF’s are limited. Why?
According to me the Problem may be divided into two broad areas:
1    1.)    Distribution Front
2    2.)    Education & Awareness Front

1.)    Distribution Front
·         -  Low Revenues and Inactive distributors: Distribution has been the key to growth for any industry and Mutual Funds are no different. It was one of the preferred financial products till Aug 2009 when SEBI abolished the entry load in Mutual Funds. After entry loads were abolished revenues for MF’s have been extremely low. AMC’s have been running on tight pockets as they need to manage everything out of the expenses charged to the fund. Distributor commissions were reduced across the industry and it led to MF’s taking a backseat in the selling priority of distributors. The distributors sell MF’s on a pick and choose basis wrt the commission offered by the AMC’s. As such awareness about MF’s is low and inactivity of distributors adds to the woes.
·        -  Improper Advisory and Misseslling:  Mutual Funds have traditionally been push products and also carry some degree of risk and volatility. Hence they need a proper advisory when it comes to investment. However MF sales have been low on advisory many a times and mis selling has been rampant in the past with many issues coming to the highlight. Investors were sold Equity products (ULIP’s, Equity Funds etc) without explaining them the horizons and the embedded volatility.  Improper horizons led to untimely redemptions and ultimately a negative perception of MF’s among the investors.  Right advisory has a long term impact. Mutual Funds are fundamentally right products and if sold with right advise even with low revenues they shall create a better value and revenue proposition for advisor and the client.



2.)    Education and Awareness Front
·         -  Mutual Funds always invest in Equity Markets: An extension to the above point on advisory. Because of improper advisory a lot of investors still have the perception that MF’s invest only in Equity Markets. They are not aware about Debt funds and its various categories. Moreover compared to the good times of a bull run bearish phases in markets are publicised in media more with a panic leading to negative perceptions. Financial awareness campaigns have to speak out these clarifications loudly so as to clear these negative perceptions. Also Education distribution on this front has to be strong so as to make the awareness stronger and inroads.
·         -  Advisory Fees, Financial Planning and Wealth Management: The concept of advisory Fees and Financial Planning is in initial stages and yet to take off in a big way. It will take some time before investors realize the value of paid advisory. This should felicitate the investor awareness and weed away the negative perception about Mutual Funds.    
·        - Penchant for Fixed Returns: Fixed return syndrome has been widespread among most of Indian investors. FD’s, PPF’s have always been hot favourites of Investors as they can regularly see their money growing. Well I won’t get too much into the arithmetic but calculations have proved that FD’s, PPF’s or for that matter any traditional fixed return product are not always the best source of investment. MF’s do not offer fixed returns but always find a place when it comes to a certain investment horizon along with certain tax benefits. However a very small percentage of investors are able to come out of their shell of Fixed return syndrome.  

Conclusion: I believe Mutual Funds are a poor victim of Negative perception and half knowledge of investors coupled with the inactivity of distributors. Both the sides i.e. Investors are distributors are negative about Mutual Funds with their own reasons. Recession, Global environment, etc are smaller factors. Any MF Sales person has more to fight with the Negativity than anything else in selling Mutual Funds. The strategy requires some brainstorming to get things back in order. Initiatives are on at many levels but implementation strategy shall be the key for things to take off in Mutual Fund Industry.

Being an optimist and a well wisher of Mutual Fund Industry I look forward to see good times for the industry in near future.


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